FAQ on Blood Donation
Who can donate blood at Jeevan Blood
Bank?
Jeevan accepts blood only from safe, non-remunerated voluntary
blood donors with clean medical history.
How often can one donate blood?
A
healthy individual (male or female) can donate blood once in 90 days subject to
acceptable level of pre-donation Haemoglobin concentration. We recommend blood donation twice a year.
How can I save four lives ?
The
blood you donate can be split into four components - Red Blood Cells, Platelets, Plasma and Cryoprecipitate.
Can I develop AIDS, Hepatitis or any other
disease by donating blood?
NO. Because every time you donate blood
a disposable bag and needle is used to collect your blood.
Are there any steps I need to follow after blood
donation?
After blood donation you need to take rest for at least 10
- 15 minutes. Light refreshments will be provided. You also need to follow these guidelines:
-
Do not leave the donor site without the permission of a staff member.
-
If you feel dizzy either lie or sit down with your head between your knees until you feel well.
-
Do not smoke for at least one hour.
-
Drink more than the usual amount of fluids and avoid alcohol intake for 24 hours.
-
Make your next meal a really hearty one!
-
Avoid lifting heavy weights or exercising for 24 hours.
-
Leave the gauze or band-aid on for 4-6 hours and do not get it wet.
-
If you have any problems please do not hesitate to call the blood bank and talk to the doctor or nurse.
CLARIFYING SOME MYTHS
Blood donation requires external motivation - most
people are easily misled by misconceptions and hesitate to donate blood. Some
are scared at the thought of a needle poking their vein to collect blood. Some
others feel uncomfortable at the sight of blood.
Here is some scientific evidence that will clarify most misconceptions.
Will I become weak and anaemic after donating
blood?
Donating blood is unlikely to make a person weak or anaemic.
If the person is already anaemic, then the person will not be allowed to donate
blood.Your hemoglobin will fall by about 2 gms/dl soon after blood donation and
return to the original level by 90 days. This is the reason Jeevan does a hemoglobin test before every blood donation.
What happens to the blood I lose? Will I get it
back?
Blood volume returns to normal level within 48 hours after
blood donation. Usually not more than 350 ml of blood is collected in one
donation. This is roughly less than 7% of the total blood volume in an average
healthy person. Male has 76ml per Kg body weight and female 66 ml per Kg. No ill
effect will happen upto a blood loss of 12ml/Kg body weight.
Will I get any disease when I
donate?
NEVER. Reputed donation centres and blood banks usually use
sterile single use bags and needles and have trained staff to handle the
process. There is no risk of catching any disease in the process of donating blood.
Will my BP go down after donating
blood?
Some people are anxious during blood donation and their
anxiety shows up as a slightly elevated pulse rate. Usually this becomes normal
within a few minutes. Blood donation does not usually affect blood pressure.
Will I feel giddy after
donation?
Unlikely. The feeling of giddiness is more psychological
than physiological. There is no need to be anxious about blood donation. It is safe, easy and painless.
Will I lose my red cells in the blood if I
donate frequently?
No. A person can safely donate blood every 90
days. Donating at regular intervals does not result in loss of haemoglobin or red cells.
Why is only a component of the blood used and
not the whole blood ?
Thanks to the understanding of the fucntions
of the components of the blood, blood transfusion has been made safer by
transfusing only the needed component of the blood to the patients. For example,
RBCs for those who are anaemic and those undergoing surgery, Platelets for
children and adults whose platelet count is low due to disease or medication
they receive for the the treatment of cancer and Plasma for those with burn
injuries or bleeding problems. Apart from providing the right component, this approach helps in optimal use of available blood.
What is the shelf life of various components
?
RBCs can be stored up to 42 days at 2 - 6 C, Platelets for 5 days
at 20 - 24 C with constant agitation and Plasma for one year at less than - 30
C. When stored as whole blood , the clotting factors in the plasma lose their
efficacy in 8 hours and the platelets lose their function after 24 hours.
How is blood safety ensured ?
Blood
transfusion can never be 100 % safe. What is safe today may not be safe a decade
from now as knowledge improves. Examples for this is the new knowledge on
Hepatitis B Virus and HIV Virus. Currently law in India requires testing of each
unit of donated blood (not the donor prior to donation) for Hepatitis B (HBsAg),
HIV (Antibody Test) VDRL, and Malaria. However, blood banks are expected to
ensure the safety by testing the donor blood for diseases known to be
transmitted at that point of time using internationally approved methodologies.
This is what Jeevan does using combination of tests recommended by Indian
Government and those recommended by the international scientific community.
Jeevan Blood Bank provides you the safest blood components in the whole country at this point of time by screening each unit of donor blood by internationally approved methods for:
-
Hepatitis B virus (HBsAg by ELISA and HBV DNA by NAT)
-
HIV virus (Antigen & Antibody and HIV RNA by NAT)
-
Hepatitis C virus ( Anti HCV and HCV RNA by NAT)
-
Malaria
-
Leptospira
-
Syphilis
What is Nucliec Acid Testing (NAT)?
NAT is a highly sensitive molecular diagnostic toolwhich looks for the
presence of viral RNA / DNA. Conventional testing by ELISA looks for antibodies
for the infecting agent which takes a few weeks to appear in blood. This period
is called the 'Window Period'. In NAT, we detect the virus (RNA & DNA).
Hence this technique reduces the window period dramatically and enhances blood
safety. More on NAT.
How is the compatibility test done between the
blood of donor and recipient?
It is often assumed that if the donor
and recipient belong to the same blood group their blood will be compatible. But
in reality it is not so. Apart for A, B, and O group antigens there are many
other blood group antigens on the Red cell surface of every human being. Under
normal circumstances a full panel cross-match is done using GEL technology
before every unit is released for transfusion. Only in the event of emergencies
and if the consultant orders blood component without full panel cross-match, the same is issued with only ABOD compatibility testing.
Are there situations when a full panel
cross-match is not performed?
In the event of emergencies and if the
consultant and family request for blood components without full panel cross
match, the same is issued with only ABOD compatibility testing.
Are the blood components available any time of
the day?
Yes. Blood components are issued 24 hours a day subject to availability of compatible units.
Does the patient have to pay for the blood
component?
Unfortunately yes.Even though the blood is obtained from
voluntary blood donors, the cost of the special bag, mandatory testing, (Link to
cost govt letter 2008 pdf) additional tests done to ensure blood safety,
processing, storage, purchase and maintenance of expensive, staff salary, rent
etc have to be borne by the recipients. Jeevan is a not for profit Institution
and is dependent on this income and donations for its day-to-day functioning.
As a regular blood donor will I be charged the
processing fee for the blood if I need it?
We appreciate the
commitment of the regular blood donors (those who donate twice a year). Blood
units equivalent to the number of donations will be made available, subject to
availability at that point of time, will be provided free of any processing
cost. This facility is for the dependent parents, spouse, children and siblings.